Ercolano era una piccola citt\u00e0 sulle estreme pendici del Vesuvio, distante appena quattro miglia da Neapolis\/Napoli. Circa le sue origini, poco note, Dionigi d’Alicarnasso la voleva fondata da Ercole e, quindi, al di l\u00e0 d’ogni implicazione leggendaria, la riteneva d’origine greca, mentre Strabone \u2013 poco attendibilmente \u2013 la riteneva una citt\u00e0 osca in seguito conquistata dagli Etruschi e dai Pelasgi e quindi dai Sanniti.<\/p>\n
Certo \u00e8 che la citt\u00e0, almeno fin dal VI secolo a.C., dovette cadere sotto il dominio greco, fortemente attestato in tutta la Campania, e passare nelle mani dei Sanniti sulla fine del V secolo a.C.. Incerto \u00e8 il ruolo svolto da Ercolano nella seconda guerra sannitica; sappiamo, invece, che partecip\u00f2 alla guerra sociale, ma che fu vinta ed espugnata nell’89 a.C. da un legato di Silla, Tito Didio, divenendo municipio romano.<\/p>\n
La vita della citt\u00e0 continu\u00f2 fino alla prima et\u00e0 imperiale senza avvenimenti di rilievo, ed Ercolano rimase un piccolo e colto centro di provincia, favorito da un clima e da un paesaggio incantevoli, che ne fecero il luogo di villeggiatura di romani benestanti e, addirittura, di membri della famiglia imperiale. Gravemente danneggiata dal terremoto del 62, la citt\u00e0 venne distrutta dall’eruzione del Vesuvio (79), che la copr\u00ec con un’ingentissima massa di fango, cenere ed altri materiali eruttivi trascinati dall’acqua piovana che, penetrando in ogni apertura, si solidific\u00f2 in uno strato compatto e duro di 15-20 metri.
\nLa memoria dell’esistenza della citt\u00e0 antica si perse, cos\u00ec, per riemergere solo nel XVIII secolo. Da allora, Ercolano regal\u00f2 agli archeologi grandi scoperte.<\/p>\n
Info:\u00a0ercolano.beniculturali.it<\/a><\/p>\n","modified":"2018-03-05T10:56:10","color":"","icon":"","noDetails":false,"noInteraction":false,"taxonomy":{"webmapp_category":[13]},"accessibility":{"mobility":{"check":false,"description":""},"hearing":{"check":false,"description":""},"vision":{"check":false,"description":""},"cognitive":{"check":false,"description":""},"food":{"check":false,"description":""}},"related_url":["http:\/\/ercolano.beniculturali.it"],"locale":"it","source":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/poi\/7604","wp_edit":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=7604&action=edit","translations":{"en":{"id":7654,"name":"Ercolano archeological site","web":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/\/soprintendenza-speciale-per-i-beni-archeologici-di-pompei-ercolano-e-stabia-herculaneum\/?lang=en","source":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/poi\/7654","description":" Ercolano (named Herculaneum until 79 AD, and Resina until 1969) was most likely founded by the Oscan, an Italic tribe of the 8th century BC, and later became part of both the Etruscan and Samnite dominions. Under control of the Romans, the city was a renowned seaside resort where some of the richest Roman citizens passed their summer vacations. After the 79 AD eruption of Mt. Vesuvius, the town was abandoned and remained largely uninhabited for about 1000 years.<\/p>\n Unlike neighbouring Pompeii, the citizens of Herculaneum were suffocated to death by poisonous fumes rather than buried under heavy ash. The town was partially buried under hot mud and remained so for those 1000 years. Records of rehabitation in the area begin to appear around the year 1000, when the sanctuary called Castel di Resina, one of the most visited in the Campania region, was recorded to have been located on a hill in that area.<\/p>\n The area was largely repopulated over the next 500 years, creating the small town of Resina, named after the old sanctuary, with homes and neighbourhoods being built above the uncovered ancient ruins of Herculaneum. In 1709, the old ruins from around the time of the 79 AD eruption were uncovered along with nearby Pompeii. Since then, Herculaneum has been entirely uncovered with all of its ancient riches and petrified inhabitants extracted. Over time, the town of Resina became part of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, up until the Italian Unification of 1861, and eventually became part of the metropolitan area of the city of Naples. In 1969, the town changed its name from Resina to Ercolano, the Italian modernization of the ancient name in honor of the old city.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Info:\u00a0ercolano.beniculturali.it<\/a><\/p>\n"},"fr":{"id":29211,"name":"Ercolano","web":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/\/ercolano\/?lang=fr","source":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/poi\/29211","description":" Comme le r\u00e9v\u00e8le clairement son nom, l\u2019origine d\u2019Herculanum est li\u00e9e \u00e0 la figure mythique du demi-dieu Hercule. D\u2019apr\u00e8s la l\u00e9gende, c\u2019est lui qui a fond\u00e9 la ville. Du VIIe au Ve si\u00e8cle, la ville \u00e9tait peupl\u00e9e d\u2019Osques, d\u2019\u00c9trusques et de Grecs. En effet de r\u00e9centes recherches historiques conduisent \u00e0 attribuer \u00e0 Herculanum, comme \u00e0 Pomp\u00e9i, une origine \u00e9trusque. <\/p>\n L\u2019histoire de ces villes suivit des destins parall\u00e8les jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de la guerre sociale et \u00e0 leur occupation par l\u2019arm\u00e9e romaine de Sylla, entre 89 et 80 avant JC. Herculanum se d\u00e9veloppa comme station baln\u00e9aire tr\u00e8s appr\u00e9ci\u00e9e par les riches Romains et comme ville r\u00e9sidentielle des grandes familles patriciennes, attir\u00e9s par la splendide position panoramique du promontoire sur lequel elle est b\u00e2tie, par son climat et par les produits typiques de la campagne environnante. <\/p>\n En revanche, Pomp\u00e9i fut \u00e9galement une ville productive et commerciale, avec davantage de diversit\u00e9 sur le plan de la vie sociale et des mod\u00e8les d\u2019architecture. L\u2019une et l\u2019autre connurent une phase de remarquable d\u00e9veloppement urbain sous Auguste, mais subirent de graves dommages lors du tremblement de terre de 62 apr\u00e8s JC, avant d\u2019\u00eatre ray\u00e9es de la carte par l\u2019\u00e9ruption de 79 qui, d\u2019une fa\u00e7on diff\u00e9rente mais tout aussi radicale.<\/p>\n Un \u00e9coulement pyroclastique a pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 l’\u00e9ruption principale, tuant beaucoup de r\u00e9sidents, dont les corps ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00ab enrob\u00e9s \u00bb par les cendres, ce qui a pr\u00e9serv\u00e9 (fig\u00e9) leurs derniers moments, les transformant en \u00ab statues \u00bb. La couche relativement fine et coh\u00e9rente des mat\u00e9riaux \u00e9ruptifs qui recouvrirent Pomp\u00e9i laissa ses ruines libres de toute construction post\u00e9rieure. La dure cro\u00fbte de tuf qui recouvrit l\u2019antique Herculanum permit de construire la nouvelle ville de R\u00e9sina en surface. Herculanum fut ensevelie sous une couche de plus de quinze m\u00e8tres d’\u00e9paisseur de lave, de cendres et de boue qui se transforma en roche dure, rendant les conditions de fouilles extr\u00eamement difficiles. <\/p>\n Toutefois, en 1969, cette ville reprit son nom antique. L’excavation commen\u00e7a dans l\u2019Ercolano moderne, une banlieue de Naples, en 1738. La publication de \u2018Le Antichit\u00e0 di Ercolano\u2019 (Les antiquit\u00e9s d\u2019Herculanum) sous le patronage de Charles II d’Espagne, roi des Deux Siciles, eut un effet sur le N\u00e9oclassicisme naissant en Europe, hors de proportion avec sa diffusion plut\u00f4t limit\u00e9e. \u00c0 la fin du XVIIIe si\u00e8cle, les motifs propres \u00e0 Herculanum firent leur apparition sur l’ameublement, les tapisseries, les tables et les tasses \u00e0 th\u00e9.<\/p>\n"}},"web":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/poi\/soprintendenza-speciale-per-i-beni-archeologici-di-pompei-ercolano-e-stabia-herculaneum\/","addr:street":"Corso Resina","addr:housenumber":"","addr:postcode":"80056 ","addr:city":"Ercolano (NA)","contact:phone":"+39 081 7324338","contact:email":"pa-erco@beniculturali.it","opening_hours":"8.30-19.30 ","capacity":"","address":"Corso Resina, Ercolano (NA)","sequence":1},"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[14.34762954711914,40.80549716949463]}},{"type":"Feature","properties":{"id":7070,"name":"Hotel Royal Continental","description":"","modified":"2018-02-26T14:10:50","color":"","icon":"","noDetails":false,"noInteraction":false,"taxonomy":{"webmapp_category":[18]},"accessibility":{"mobility":{"check":false,"description":""},"hearing":{"check":false,"description":""},"vision":{"check":false,"description":""},"cognitive":{"check":false,"description":""},"food":{"check":false,"description":""}},"related_url":["http:\/\/www.royalgroup.it\/royalcontinental\/it"],"locale":"it","source":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/poi\/7070","wp_edit":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=7070&action=edit","translations":{"en":{"id":7242,"name":"Hotel Royal Continental","web":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/\/hotel-royal-continental\/?lang=en","source":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/poi\/7242","description":""}},"web":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/poi\/hotel-royal-continental\/","addr:street":"Via Partenope (NA), Italy","addr:housenumber":"38\/44","addr:postcode":"80121","addr:city":"Napoli","contact:phone":"+39 081 7644614","contact:email":"book@royalcontinental.it","opening_hours":"","capacity":"","address":"Via Partenope (NA), Italy, 38\/44 Napoli","sequence":2},"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[14.247572422027588,40.8300547208637]}},{"type":"Feature","properties":{"id":7068,"name":"Hotel Palazzo Salgar","description":" Hotel**** Palazzo Salgar\u2028\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n","modified":"2018-02-28T13:45:33","color":"","icon":"","noDetails":false,"noInteraction":false,"taxonomy":{"webmapp_category":[18]},"accessibility":{"mobility":{"check":false,"description":""},"hearing":{"check":false,"description":""},"vision":{"check":false,"description":""},"cognitive":{"check":false,"description":""},"food":{"check":false,"description":""}},"related_url":["http:\/\/www.palazzosalgar.com"],"locale":"it","source":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/poi\/7068","wp_edit":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=7068&action=edit","translations":{"en":{"id":7403,"name":"Hotel Palazzo Salgar","web":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/\/hotel-palazzo-salgar\/?lang=en","source":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/poi\/7403","description":" Hotel**** Palazzo Salgar\u2028\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n"}},"web":"http:\/\/vn.be.webmapp.it\/poi\/hotel-palazzo-salgar\/","addr:street":"Via Nuova Marina","addr:housenumber":"120","addr:postcode":"80133","addr:city":"Napoli","contact:phone":"+39 081 19370780","contact:email":"info@palazzosalgar.com","opening_hours":"","capacity":"","address":"Via Nuova Marina, 120 Napoli","sequence":3},"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[14.264134224504232,40.8461544290185]}},{"type":"Feature","properties":{"id":7069,"name":"Hotel Renaissance Mediterraneo","description":"